European Parliament criticises Rwanda's occupation of Goma: a diplomatic warning shot

A European Parliament that bares its claws

On 13 February 2025, the European Parliament adopted a scathing resolution against the occupation of Goma and other territories in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by M23 rebels and Rwandan defence forces. Describing this situation as an unacceptable attack on the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the DRC, MEPs did not mince their words. They demanded the immediate withdrawal of Rwandan troops from Congolese soil and the cessation of all collaboration with the M23. A resounding diplomatic slap in the face for Kigali, accused of playing a dangerous double game in the region.

Sanctions and suspensions: EU tightens the screw

But the parliamentarians did not stop at mere verbal condemnations. They called on the European Commission and the Council to immediately suspend the memorandum of understanding signed with Rwanda on sustainable raw materials value chains. This agreement, initialled on 19 February 2024, aimed to strengthen cooperation in the mining sector. It is now in the sights of MEPs, who believe that Rwanda is taking advantage of this agreement to plunder the resources of areas controlled by the M23. In addition, they are calling for a freeze on direct budgetary aid to Rwanda until Kigali allows humanitarian access to crisis areas and breaks all ties with the rebels. Financial pressure that could shake Paul Kagame's regime.

An explosive humanitarian situation

The European Parliament also expressed its deep concern about the dire humanitarian situation in eastern DRC. Indiscriminate attacks, killings, rapes and other war crimes committed by all parties to the conflict were strongly denounced. MEPs demanded the immediate reopening of Goma airport and the creation of humanitarian corridors to allow aid operations to resume. They also urged the DRC and Rwanda to investigate and prosecute those responsible for these atrocities, in line with the principle of command responsibility. This was a reminder that impunity cannot be tolerated, even under the cover of armed conflict.

Towards an escalation of diplomatic tensions?

This resolution by the European Parliament marks a turning point in relations between the European Union and Rwanda. By singling out Kigali and calling for sanctions, MEPs are sending a strong signal: support for armed groups and human rights violations will not go unchallenged. It remains to be seen how Rwanda will react to this increased international pressure. Paul Kagame, who is used to playing the balancing act on the diplomatic stage, could well find himself with his back to the wall. One thing is certain: the international community can no longer turn a blind eye to the tragedy unfolding in eastern DRC.