Minerals for Peace: How Congo Imposes Its Dominance in the Agreement with Rwanda

On June 27, 2025, in Washington, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda signed a historic agreement aimed at ending the bloody clashes in eastern Congo. In exchange: a commitment to the exploitation and trade of strategic minerals.

But behind the appearance of a balanced compromise, one thing is clear: the Congo has gained the upper hand.

Strategic patience pays off

Since 2021, Kinshasa has opted for restraint in the face of Kigali's military and digital provocations. Where many expected an escalation, Félix Tshisekedi and his government have patiently built an image of a resilient state, mobilizing the international community and imposing their terms at the negotiating table.

The result? An agreement that enshrines Congolese sovereignty over its resources, while obliging Rwanda to cease all support for armed groups like the M23.

Minerals as diplomatic leverage

At the heart of the deal: coltan, cobalt, gold, lithium... minerals essential to the global economy. Congo holds more than 60% of the world's cobalt reserves, and this geological position has become a major political asset.

The agreement provides for strict supervision of cross-border flows, enhanced traceability of minerals, and limited access for Rwandan operators, under joint supervision.

In short, it is Kinshasa that holds the key to the valves.

A diplomatic and symbolic victory

If Rwanda emerges weakened, it is also because of the failure of its hybrid war (disinformation, ethnic division, influence operations), masterfully countered by the educational communication of Patrick Muyaya, Congolese Minister of Communication.

Congo is now asserting itself as a regional giant, capable of transforming its past vulnerabilities into bargaining chips. This represents a major reversal in a region long marked by instability.